A CCD-based reader combined with CdS quantum dot-labeled lateral flow strips for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of CagA

Immunochromatographic assays are widely used to detect many analytes. CagA is proved to be associated closely with initiation of gastric carcinoma. Here, we reported that a charge-coupled device (CCD)-based test strip reader combined with CdS quantum dot-labeled lateral flow strips for quantitative detection of CagA was developed, which used 365-nm ultraviolet LED as the excitation light source, and captured the test strip images through an acquisition module. Then, the captured image was transferred to the computer and was processed by a software system. A revised weighted threshold histogram equalization (WTHE) image processing algorithm was applied to analyze the result. CdS quantum dot-labeled lateral flow strips for detection of CagA were prepared. One hundred sera samples from clinical patients with gastric cancer and healthy people were prepared for detection, which demonstrated that the device could realize rapid, stable, and point-of-care detection, with a sensitivity of 20 pg/mL.     

Investigation of hydrogen plasma treatment for reducing defects in silicon quantum dot superlattice structure with amorphous silicon carbide matrix

We investigate the effects of hydrogen plasma treatment (HPT) on the properties of silicon quantum dot superlattice films. Hydrogen introduced in the films efficiently passivates silicon and carbon dangling bonds at a treatment temperature of approximately 400°C. The total dangling bond density decreases from 1.1 × 10¹⁹ cm^-3 to 3.7 × 10¹⁷ cm^-3, which is comparable to the defect density of typical hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films. A damaged layer is found to form on the surface by HPT; this layer can be easily removed by reactive ion etching.     

Silicon quantum dot superlattice solar cell structure including silicon nanocrystals in a photogeneration layer

The solar cell structure of n-type poly-silicon/5-nm-diameter silicon nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous silicon oxycarbide matrix (30 layers)/p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon/Al electrode was fabricated on a quartz substrate. An open-circuit voltage and a fill factor of 518 mV and 0.51 in the solar cell were obtained, respectively. The absorption edge of the solar cell was 1.49 eV, which corresponds to the optical bandgap of the silicon nanocrystal materials, suggesting that it is possible to fabricate the solar cells with silicon nanocrystal materials, whose bandgaps are wider than that of crystalline silicon.

PACS

85.35.Be; 84.60.Jt; 78.67.Bf     

园林种植工程的施工组织设计浅议

在实际的园林绿化工程活动中，施工组织设计不是可有可无的装饰品，而是任何一项工程施工都必不可少的程序，文章根据园林种植工程的特点，简述了种植工程施工组织的重要性、其质的衡量标准以及具体内容。     

高效的量子密钥分配协议

为提高量子密钥分配协议的密钥生成率, 构造了一组两方三级系统的完备正交归一化基. 利用该正交归一化基和交换粒子之间的纠缠提出了一种量子密钥分配协议. 三级可以推广到多级,利用粒子之间的纠缠交换和多级密钥分配可以极大地提高检测窃听的效率、密钥生成率以及信息容量.     

量子力学与超光速运动

在量子力学创立时,理论上受到两个物理上的基本限制:一是普朗克常数h(或h),它常以能量子ε=hv(或ε=hω)的形式出现;另一个就是狭义相对论,它除了能量和动量关系不同于牛顿的表达式外,更主要的是加上了光速不可逾越的限制.而量子力学的各种概念几乎都涉及到超光速运动,因此,量子力学的建立和发展过程就是一个回避超光速运动描述的过程.而物理事实表明,超光速运动或许是亚原子内部运动的基本特征.因此有必要用新的观点来重新审视量子力学.     

（12期拿下）基于权重自适应调整的混沌量子粒子群算法的城市电动汽车充电站优化布局

针对城市电动汽车充电站的定容和选址的问题,从实际情况出发,建立将土地价格、建设成本、运行成本、交通流量、服务距离、服务能力考虑在内的数学模型,该模型以年均综合费用最小为目标,以充电能力,充电距离为约束条件。采用权重自适应调整的混沌量子粒子群算法对北方的某市某区进行规划,该算法在迭代过程中会根据粒子不同的适应值,对惯性权重做出相应的调整,从而调整对粒子的搜索能力。利用混沌算子的遍历性,使得该算法具有很好的收敛速度和精度。利用该算法对所建立的数学模型进行求解,经过进一步的筛选,确定了该地区充电站的建址坐标、容量和费用。     

基于荧光水凝胶的功能表面器件

基于水凝胶体系的功能材料及应用发展迅速,在包括组织工程、能源存储、柔性器件等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。采用聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖和琼脂糖构建水凝胶主体结构,并添加羟乙基纤维素增塑保湿,添加碳量子点赋予材料荧光效应。制备获得了兼具有优良的自修复性能和优异拉伸性能的多网络结构水凝胶,具有高达33 MPa的拉伸强度并能够在多种媒介环境下实现快速的自修复,在空气中60 s自修复效率达93%。研究发现复合水凝胶材料的荧光强度同表面所受压强呈负相关性,而同其拉伸伸长率呈正相关。数据拟合证实,通过检测水凝胶的荧光强度可以监控其变形率,而结合水凝胶和仿壁虎表面结构制备出能够黏附于多种表面的压强检测器,通过对器件荧光强度的检测能够探测液下环境压强。该研究拓展了荧光水凝胶材料的应用途径,有望用于液下压强探测、工程结构失效监控等。     

嘧啶类缓蚀剂对酸性介质中奥氏体不锈钢的缓蚀量化构效影响研究

目的使用基于密度泛函(DFT)的量子化学法,研究嘧啶类缓蚀剂的分子结构和在酸性介质中对碳钢的缓蚀效率之间的关系。方法通过计算前线轨道能量(最高占据轨道和最低空轨道)、电荷分布、绝对电负性(χ)、偶极矩(μ)和转移电子数(ΔN)等量化参数,确定与缓蚀效率之间的关系。结果DHPMs缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率随着EHOMO值的增大而提高,随着ELUMO值的减小而提高,随着前线轨道能级差值(ELUMO-EHOMO)的减小而提高,随着转移电子数ΔN增大而提高。含有N原子的区域最有可能失电子并吸附在金属铁表面活性位置。结论由于DHPMⅠ的嘧啶环供电子能力较强,致使DHPMⅠ比DHPMⅡ的缓蚀效率高。     

Through‐the‐glass spectroscopic ellipsometry for analysis of CdTe thin‐film solar cells in the superstrate configuration

Polycrystalline CdS/CdTe thin‐film solar cells in the superstrate configuration have been studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) using glass side illumination. In this measurement method, the first reflection from the ambient/glass interface is rejected, whereas the second reflection from the glass/film‐stack interface is collected; higher order reflections are also rejected. The SE analysis incorporates parameterized dielectric functions ε for solar cell component materials obtained by in situ and variable‐angle SE. In the SE analysis of the complete cells, a step‐wise procedure ranks the fitting parameters, including thicknesses and those defining the spectra in ε, according to their ability to reduce the root‐mean‐square deviation between the simulated and measured SE spectra. The best fit thicknesses from this analysis are found to be consistent with electron microscopy. Based on the SE results, the solar cell quantum efficiency (QE) can be simulated without any free parameters, and comparisons with measured QE enable optical model refinements as well as identification of optical and electronic losses. These capabilities have wide applications in photovoltaic module mapping and in‐line monitoring. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.